However, if the imitation of his father hurt him as an artist, his resistance
against the father was the infantile determinant of his perhaps equally vast
accomplishment as an artist. According to Merejkowski's beautiful comparison he
was like a man who awoke too early in the darkness, while the others were all
still asleep. He dared utter this bold principle which contains the
justification for all independent investigation: "Chi dispute allegando
l'autorità non adopra l'ingegno ma piuttosto la memoria" (Whoever refers to
authorities in disputing ideas, works with his memory rather than with his reason).Thus he became the first modern natural philosopher,oil paintings for sale,and his courage was
rewarded by an abundance of cognitions and suggestions; since the Greek period
he was the first to investigate the secrets of nature, relying entirely on his
observation and his own judgment. But when he learned to depreciate authority
and to reject the imitation of the "ancients" and constantly pointed to the
study of nature as the source of all wisdom, he only repeated in the highest
sublimation attainable to man, which had already obtruded itself on the little
boy who surveyed the world with wonder. To retranslate the scientific
abstractions into concrete individual experiences,abstract oil painting, we would say that the
"ancients" and authority only corresponded to the father, and nature again
became the tender mother who nourished him. While in most human beings to-day,
as in primitive times, the need for a support of some authority is so imperative
that their world becomes shaky when their authority is menaced, Leonardo alone
was able to exist without such support; but that would not have been possible had he not been deprived of his father
in the first years of his life. The boldness and independence of his later
scientific investigation presupposes that his infantile sexual investigation was
not inhibited by his father, and this same spirit of scientific independence was
continued by his withdrawing from sex. cheap oil paintings
If any one like Leonardo escapes in his childhood his father's intimidation
and later throws off the shackles of authority in his scientific investigation,
it would be in gross contradiction to our expectation if we found that this same
man remained a believer and unable to withdraw from dogmatic religion.
Psychoanalysis has taught us the intimate connection between the father complex
and belief in God, and daily demonstrates to us how youthful persons lose their
religious belief as soon as the authority of the father breaks down. In the
parental complex we thus recognize the roots of religious need; the almighty,
just God, and kindly nature appear to us as grand sublimations of father and
mother,cheap oil paintings for sale, or rather as revivals and restorations of the infantile conceptions of
both parents. Religiousness is biologically
traced to the long period of helplessness and need of help of the little child.
When the child grows up and realizes his loneliness and weakness in the presence
of the great forces of life, he perceives his condition as in childhood and
seeks to disavow his despair through a regressive revival of the protecting
forces of childhood.
It does not seem that Leonardo's life disproves this conception of religious
belief. Accusations charging him with irreligiousness, which in those times was
equivalent to renouncing Christianity, were brought against him already in his
lifetime, and were clearly described in the first biography given by Vasari.In the second edition of his Vite (1568) Vasari left out this observation. In
view of the extraordinary sensitiveness of his age in matters of religion it is
perfectly comprehensible to us why Leonardo refrained from directly expressing
his position to Christianity in his notes. As investigator he did not permit
himself to be misled by the account of the creation of the holy scriptures; for
instance,where to buy oil paintings, he disputed the possibility of a
universal flood, and in geology he was as unscrupulous in calculating with
hundred thousands of years as modern investigators.
Among his "prophecies" one finds some things that would perforce offend the
sensitive feelings of a religious Christian, e.g. Praying to the images of
Saints, reads as follows:
"People talk to people who perceive nothing, who have open eyes and see
nothing; they shall talk to them and receive no answer; they shall adore those
who have ears and hear nothing; they shall burn lamps for those who do not
see."
Or: Concerning mourning on Good Friday (p. 297):
"In all parts of Europe great peoples will bewail the death of one man who
died in the Orient." abstract art oil paintings
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